What is cardiac ischemia how serious is it?

Cardiac ischemia, also known as coronary ischemia, occurs when there is a reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This reduction in blood supply can be due to the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which are the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood. The most common cause of this blockage is the buildup of plaque, which is made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances, in the arteries. This condition is serious because it deprives the heart muscle of the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly. When the ischemia is severe and prolonged, it can lead to permanent damage to the heart muscle, a condition known as myocardial infarction, or heart attack. Heart attacks are medical emergencies that require immediate treatment. Additionally, myocardial ischemia can cause serious abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias, which can be life-threatening. Treatment for myocardial ischemia aims to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce the risk of heart attack or other complications. This can involve: 1. Medications: Such as antiplatelet drugs, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates, which can help to improve blood flow and reduce the workload on the heart. 2. Procedures: Like angioplasty and stenting, which involve opening blocked arteries to improve blood flow. 3. Bypass Surgery: In cases where other treatments are not effective, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may be performed to bypass the blocked artery. It's important to note that lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, eating a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress, are also crucial components of managing and preventing cardiac ischemia.

A sudden, severe blockage of a coronary artery can lead to a heart attack. Myocardial ischemia might also cause serious abnormal heart rhythms. Treatment for myocardial ischemia involves improving blood flow to the heart muscle. Treatment may include medications, a procedure to open blocked arteries or bypass surgery.