How do they test for oral cancer?

As a medical professional with expertise in oncology, I can provide you with an overview of how oral cancer is typically diagnosed. The process involves several steps and may include the following tests and procedures: 1. Physical Exam: A healthcare provider will conduct a thorough examination of the lips and mouth to identify any visible abnormalities such as sores, white patches (leukoplakia), or other signs of irritation. 2. Biopsy: If an area of concern is identified, a small piece of tissue may be removed and sent to a lab for further examination. This is a critical step in diagnosing mouth cancer, as it allows pathologists to look for cancerous cells under a microscope. 3. Imaging Tests: Depending on the findings, your doctor may order imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, MRI, or PET scans to determine the extent of the cancer and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. 4. Endoscopic Examination: An endoscope, a thin tube with a camera, may be used to look inside the throat and other areas that are not easily visible to the naked eye. 5. Exfoliative Cytology: This involves scraping cells from the area of concern and examining them for signs of cancer. 6. Brush Biopsy: A more gentle method where a small brush is used to collect cells from the area of concern for analysis. 7. Molecular Testing: In some cases, molecular tests may be performed to identify specific genetic changes in the cells that could indicate cancer. 8. Medical History and Risk Assessment: Doctors will also consider the patient's medical history, including risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and exposure to certain chemicals.

Tests and procedures used to diagnose mouth cancer include: Physical exam. Your doctor or dentist will examine your lips and mouth to look for abnormalities �� areas of irritation, such as sores and white patches (leukoplakia). Removal of tissue for testing.