What are some of the main causes of cancer?

As an expert in the field of oncology, I can provide you with some of the main causes of cancer. Cancer is a complex disease with multiple factors contributing to its development. Here are some of the primary causes: 1. Gene mutations: These changes in the DNA can lead to the uncontrolled growth of cells. While some mutations are inherited, most occur after birth and can be caused by various factors. 2. Tobacco use: Smoking is a leading cause of lung cancer and is also associated with other types of cancer due to the inhalation of harmful chemicals. 3. Radiation: Exposure to certain types of radiation, especially ionizing radiation, can increase the risk of developing cancer. 4. Viruses: Certain viral infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C (HBV, HCV), can lead to genetic changes that may result in cancer. 5. Carcinogens: Exposure to cancer-causing chemicals, which are found in tobacco smoke, asbestos, and certain industrial chemicals, can lead to mutations in cells. 6. Obesity: Excess body weight has been linked to an increased risk of several types of cancer, possibly due to increased levels of hormones like estrogen. 7. Hormones: Hormonal imbalances or long-term use of certain hormones, especially in hormone replacement therapy, can increase the risk of certain cancers. 8. Chronic inflammation: Persistent inflammation in the body can lead to DNA damage and an increased risk of developing cancer. 9. Lack of exercise: A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to obesity and may also have other indirect effects on cancer risk. 10. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer, including liver, mouth, and throat cancers. 11. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental pollutants and toxins can also increase cancer risk. 12. Age: The risk of developing cancer increases as you get older, as the body's cells accumulate more DNA damage over time. 13. Diet: A diet high in red and processed meats and low in fruits and vegetables can increase the risk of certain cancers. 14. Inherited genetic factors: While most gene mutations occur after birth, some individuals inherit mutations that significantly increase their risk of developing specific types of cancer.

Gene mutations that occur after birth. Most gene mutations occur after you're born and aren't inherited. A number of forces can cause gene mutations, such as smoking, radiation, viruses, cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens), obesity, hormones, chronic inflammation and a lack of exercise.