What happens if a colon polyp is cancerous?

If a colon polyp is cancerous, it means that the growth has undergone a transformation from a benign polyp to a malignant one, which can invade surrounding tissue and potentially spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. This process is known as metastasis. The progression from a polyp to cancer is typically slow and may take several years. Early detection and removal of cancerous polyps can prevent the development of colorectal cancer or at least allow for treatment at a more manageable stage. When a polyp is identified as cancerous, further medical evaluation is necessary to determine the stage of the cancer and the best course of treatment. Treatment options may include surgery to remove the cancerous tissue, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy, depending on the specifics of the case. It's important to note that not all polyps become cancerous. Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps, which are the two most common types, are typically not associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. However, adenomatous polyps, another type, do have the potential to become cancerous. Regular screening for colorectal cancer, which includes looking for polyps during a colonoscopy, is crucial for early detection and prevention of the disease.

Colorectal cancer usually begins as a "polyp," a nonspecific term to describe a growth on the inner surface of the colon. Polyps are often non-cancerous growths, but some can develop into cancer. The two most common types of polyps found in the colon and rectum include: Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps.