What is pulmonary toxicity?

As a domain expert in respiratory health, I can provide you with a detailed explanation of pulmonary toxicity. Pulmonary toxicity refers to the adverse effects on the lungs that can result from exposure to certain substances or environmental factors. These effects can range from mild irritation to severe damage, potentially leading to conditions such as pneumonia, fibrosis, or even lung cancer. The severity of the toxicity depends on various factors, including the type and concentration of the toxic agent, the duration of exposure, and the individual's susceptibility. Common causes of pulmonary toxicity include: 1. Inhalation of toxic gases: Such as chlorine, ammonia, or nitrogen dioxide. 2. Occupational exposure: Workers in certain industries may be exposed to dusts, chemicals, or fumes that can harm the lungs. 3. Medications: Some drugs, including certain chemotherapy agents, can cause lung damage. 4. Infections: Certain viral or bacterial infections can lead to lung injury. 5. Radiation therapy: Lung tissue can be damaged by radiation used to treat cancers in the chest area. 6. Smoking: Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke is a well-known cause of pulmonary toxicity. Symptoms of pulmonary toxicity can include coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, and in severe cases, respiratory failure.

Damage to the lungs that resolves (returns to normal after time or after the cause has been removed) is called acute lung toxicity. Damage that is long-lasting or permanent is called chronic or late pulmonary toxicity. Lung damage often presents as inflammation, also called pneumonitis.