Can AF lead to heart failure?

As a medical professional with expertise in cardiology, I can provide you with an informed response to your question regarding atrial fibrillation (AF) and its potential to lead to heart failure. Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of arrhythmia, which is an irregular heartbeat. While AF itself does not directly cause heart failure, it can lead to it over time if not properly managed. Here's how: 1. Reduced Cardiac Output: AF can cause the heart to pump less effectively, leading to a decrease in the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart with each beat. 2. Increased Strain on the Heart: The irregular and rapid beating can put extra strain on the heart muscle, which over time can lead to heart enlargement (cardiomegaly) and a decline in the heart's function. 3. Blood Clots: AF increases the risk of forming blood clots in the heart, which can lead to a stroke. Strokes can cause damage to the heart muscle, which can contribute to heart failure. 4. Underlying Conditions: AF is often associated with other heart conditions such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and heart valve problems, which are known to cause heart failure. It's important to note that not everyone with AF will develop heart failure, and proper treatment can significantly reduce the risk. Treatments may include medications to control the heart rate and rhythm, electrical cardioversion, or procedures to manage underlying conditions.

Even though your risk of a heart attack is not increased due to atrial fibrillation, your risk of other serious complications, such as stroke and heart failure, does go up because of this condition. The irregular heart rhythm of atrial fibrillation can cause blood to pool in your atria and form clots.