What are the effects of high sodium levels?

As a health and nutrition expert with a background in public health, I can provide you with a detailed understanding of the effects of high sodium levels in the body. High sodium intake can lead to a number of health issues, including: 1. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Excessive sodium can cause the body to retain water, which increases the volume of blood in the bloodstream and raises blood pressure. 2. Heart Disease: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease, as it puts extra strain on the heart and can lead to atherosclerosis, where plaque builds up in the arteries. 3. Stroke: The increased pressure on the blood vessels can weaken them, making them more susceptible to rupture, which can result in a stroke. 4. Kidney Damage: Excessive sodium can lead to kidney problems, as it places a strain on the kidneys to filter out the excess sodium. 5. Osteoporosis: High sodium levels can lead to the loss of calcium from bones, potentially resulting in osteoporosis. 6. Water Retention and Bloating: Sodium can cause the body to hold onto water, leading to bloating and discomfort. 7. Headaches: Some individuals may experience headaches as a result of consuming too much sodium. It's important to note that the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a daily sodium intake of less than 2,300 milligrams (mg) for most adults, with an ideal limit of no more than 1,500 mg per day for those with hypertension, African Americans, and people over the age of 50.

In hypernatremia, the level of sodium in blood is too high. Hypernatremia involves dehydration, which can have many causes, including not drinking enough fluids, diarrhea, kidney dysfunction, and diuretics. ... Usually, fluids are given intravenously to slowly reduce the sodium level in the blood.