What happens when you have a myocardial infarction?

When you experience a myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, it means that a part of your heart muscle, known as the myocardium, is not receiving enough oxygen-rich blood. This is typically due to the blockage of a coronary artery, which is responsible for supplying the heart muscle with the necessary oxygen and nutrients. When the blood flow is obstructed, the affected muscle cells start to die, a process referred to as an infarct. The severity and extent of the damage depend on the size of the blocked artery, the duration of the blockage, and how effectively the body can re-establish blood flow. Symptoms of a myocardial infarction can include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain radiating to the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach. Immediate medical attention is crucial, as timely treatment can limit the damage to the heart muscle and improve the chances of survival and recovery. Treatment for a heart attack may involve various strategies to restore blood flow to the heart, such as medication to dissolve clots, the placement of a stent to open the blocked artery, or even surgery. After the acute phase, treatment often includes lifestyle changes, medications to prevent further blockages, and cardiac rehabilitation to help the patient regain strength and function.

A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when a portion of the heart is deprived of oxygen due to blockage of a coronary artery. Coronary arteries supply the heart muscle (myocardium) with oxygenated blood. Without oxygen, muscle cells served by the blocked artery begin to die (infarct).