What is the difference between amplitude and frequency?

As a subject matter expert in the field of physics, I can explain the concepts of amplitude and frequency in the context of wave phenomena. Amplitude and frequency are two fundamental properties of waves that describe different aspects of their behavior. Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on the wave from its equilibrium position. In other words, it's the height of the wave's crest or the depth of its trough, measured from the midline of the wave. Amplitude is a measure of the energy carried by a wave; the greater the amplitude, the more energy the wave carries. Frequency, on the other hand, is the number of complete wave cycles that pass a given point in a second. It is measured in Hertz (Hz), which is equivalent to cycles per second. A higher frequency means that more wave cycles are occurring in the same amount of time, which can also be interpreted as the wave having a shorter wavelength. To summarize, amplitude is about the size of the wave's movement from its resting state, while frequency is about how often these movements occur over time.

Amplitude and wavelength are both measures of distance. The amplitude measures the height of the crest of the wave from the midline. The wavelength measures the horizontal distance between cycles. The frequency is just the opposite; it's the number of wave cycles that are completed in one second.