Who was the leader of Italy in ww1?

As a historian with a focus on the early 20th century, I'm often asked about the leaders of various countries during World War I. The question about the leader of Italy during this period is particularly interesting because it involves a significant shift in alliances and political power.
During World War I, Italy's leadership was complex due to the changes that occurred within the country during the war years. Italy initially had a monarchy, and the King at the time was King Victor Emmanuel III. However, the day-to-day governance of the country was largely in the hands of the Prime Minister and his cabinet.
At the beginning of the war, Italy was part of the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary. However, Italy did not initially enter the war and instead chose to remain neutral. This decision was largely influenced by Antonio Salandra, who was the Prime Minister of Italy at the time. Salandra's policy of neutrality was controversial and he was eventually forced to resign due to the pressure from both internal and external factions advocating for Italy to join the war on the side of the Allies.
Following Salandra's resignation, Italy underwent a significant shift in its foreign policy. This shift was largely orchestrated by Sidney Sonnino, who served as the Foreign Minister and later as Prime Minister. Sonnino was a strong advocate for Italy joining the war on the side of the Allies, and his efforts eventually led to the signing of the Treaty of London in April 1915, which marked Italy's entry into the war.
Once Italy had joined the war, the leadership of the country was further complicated by the fact that it was a constitutional monarchy. This meant that while King Victor Emmanuel III was the head of state, the actual governance of the country was carried out by the Prime Minister and his cabinet. During the war years, Italy had several Prime Ministers, including Paolo Boselli, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, and Luigi Facta.
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando is perhaps the most well-known of these leaders, as he served as Prime Minister during a significant portion of the war and was also Italy's representative at the Paris Peace Conference, which led to the Treaty of Versailles. Orlando was a key figure in the negotiations and was considered one of the "Big Four" along with President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd-George of the United Kingdom, and Premier Georges Clemenceau of France.
In conclusion, the leadership of Italy during World War I was complex and evolved over time. While King Victor Emmanuel III was the monarch, the actual governance of the country was carried out by a series of Prime Ministers, with Vittorio Emanuele Orlando being the most prominent. Orlando's role in the war and the subsequent peace negotiations was significant, and his influence helped to shape the outcome of the conflict and the post-war world.

Italy's representative in the Paris Peace Conference which led to the Versailles Treaty was Premier Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, considered one of the "Big Four" with President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd-George of the United Kingdom, and Premier Georges Clemenceau of the French ...