Why do Hindu celebrate Diwali?

As an expert in cultural studies, I can provide a comprehensive understanding of why Hindus celebrate Diwali, which is indeed known as the Festival of Lights. This is a significant festival in the Hindu calendar, and its celebrations are rooted in various myths, legends, and historical events that hold profound religious and cultural significance for Hindus around the world. Step 1: English Answer Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is one of the most important festivals in Hinduism and is celebrated with great enthusiasm and joy. The festival spans five days and is marked by the lighting of small oil lamps, known as diyas, around homes and workplaces. The word "Diwali" itself means "row of lights," signifying the triumph of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. Mythological Significance: 1. Return of Rama: The most widely recognized reason for the celebration of Diwali is the return of Lord Rama, the seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu, to his kingdom Ayodhya after a 14-year exile. This event is narrated in the ancient Hindu epic, the Ramayana. Rama's homecoming is seen as a victory of good over evil, as he had defeated the demon king Ravana, who had abducted Rama's wife, Sita. The people of Ayodhya lit oil lamps to celebrate his return, symbolizing the dispelling of darkness and the ushering in of light and prosperity. 2. Krishna's Victory Over Narakasura: Another legend associated with Diwali is the story of Lord Krishna's victory over the demon Narakasura. Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu, freed the world from the tyrant Narakasura, who had imprisoned 16,000 girls. The day following Narakasura's defeat, which coincided with the new moon, was celebrated with the lighting of lamps, thus marking the beginning of Diwali. 3. Worship of Goddess Lakshmi: Diwali is also a time when Hindus worship the goddess of wealth and prosperity, Lakshmi. It is believed that on this day, Lakshmi comes to visit homes that are brightly lit with lamps and decorated with flowers, bringing fortune and wealth to those who welcome her. Historical and Cultural Significance: 1. Spread of Buddhism and Jainism: Diwali also holds significance for Buddhists and Jains. For Buddhists, it marks the day when Prince Siddhartha achieved enlightenment and became Buddha, the "Enlightened One." For Jains, it commemorates the attainment of moksha, or liberation, by Mahavira, the last Tirthankara of Jainism. 2. Rituals and Customs: The festival is a time for family gatherings, the exchange of gifts, and the performance of traditional rituals. People clean their homes thoroughly, decorate them with rangoli (colorful patterns made from colored powders, rice, or flowers), and prepare a variety of sweets and savory snacks. Fireworks and the bursting of firecrackers are also a significant part of Diwali celebrations, adding to the festive atmosphere. 3. Economic Significance: Diwali is considered an auspicious time for new beginnings and is often associated with the Hindu New Year. Many businesses conduct their annual inventory and open new account books on this day, marking the start of a new financial year. Step 2: Divider

Diwali is called the Festival of Lights and is celebrated to honor Rama-chandra, the seventh avatar (incarnation of the god Vishnu). It is believed that on this day Rama returned to his people after 14 years of exile during which he fought and won a battle against the demons and the demon king, Ravana.