What started the war in Somalia?

As an expert in international relations and conflict studies, I can provide a comprehensive analysis of the factors that led to the war in Somalia. The conflict in Somalia is a complex issue with deep historical roots and multiple contributing factors. It is important to note that the situation in Somalia is ongoing and has evolved over time, but for the purpose of this discussion, I will focus on the origins of the conflict. Step 1: English Answer The war in Somalia is a multifaceted conflict that has its roots in a variety of historical, political, and social factors. To understand what started the war, we must look at the broader context of the country's history and the specific events that led to the outbreak of violence. Historical Context: Somalia has a history of colonialism and foreign influence, which has shaped its political landscape. After gaining independence from Italy and Britain in 1960, Somalia was ruled by a series of military regimes and civilian governments that often struggled to maintain control over the country's diverse and often contentious clans. The Role of President Siad Barre: Mohamed Siad Barre, who came to power in 1969 after a coup, played a significant role in the lead-up to the conflict. Barre's regime was characterized by authoritarian rule and a centralization of power, which alienated many of the country's clans. His government was also marked by human rights abuses and corruption, which further eroded the legitimacy of the central government. Ethnic Tensions and Clan Rivalries: Somalia is a highly diverse country with a multitude of ethnic groups and clans. These groups have historically been in competition for resources and political power. The central government's efforts to exert control over the country often exacerbated these tensions, leading to a cycle of violence and retribution. Economic Factors: The Somali economy has been plagued by instability and underdevelopment. The lack of economic opportunity and the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few have contributed to social unrest and political instability. The collapse of the state in the late 1980s and early 1990s led to a power vacuum that was filled by various factions and warlords. **The Collapse of the State and the Outbreak of War:** The final straw came in the late 1980s when the Barre regime began to unravel. As the government lost control, rival factions within the military and among the clans began to fight for power. The situation escalated into a full-blown civil war in the early 1990s, with the capital, Mogadishu, becoming the epicenter of the conflict. International Involvement: The international community's response to the crisis in Somalia has been mixed. While there have been efforts to broker peace and provide humanitarian aid, these efforts have often been undermined by the complex dynamics of the conflict and the competing interests of various regional and international actors. Current Situation: Despite numerous peace talks and attempts at reconciliation, the situation in Somalia remains volatile. The country is still grappling with the legacy of its civil war, and the ongoing conflict has had a profound impact on the lives of the Somali people. Step 2: Divider

The president Mohamed Siad Barre was known as the general who lead the coup d'etat and came into power by force after the assassination of President Sharmarke. He was viewed as a dictator by some and he had a negative impact in Somalia's history by playing the role as one of the causes of the civil war.