How is sin defined in the Bible?

As a domain expert in biblical studies, I am well-versed in the various interpretations and definitions of sin within the context of the Bible. The concept of sin is a fundamental aspect of Christian theology and is explored in depth throughout both the Old and New Testaments. It is important to note that the Bible itself does not provide a single, unified definition of sin but rather presents a range of perspectives that have been interpreted and understood by theologians and scholars over the centuries. **Step 1: Definition of Sin in the Bible (English)** In the Bible, sin is often described as a transgression or rebellion against God's laws and commandments. It is an act that goes against the divine will and the moral order that God has established. The Hebrew word most commonly translated as "sin" is "חֶטְא" (chet), which can mean missing the mark, as in an archer missing the target, symbolizing a failure to meet God's standards. The New Testament, written in Greek, uses the term "ἁμαρτία" (hamartia), which also carries the connotation of missing the mark or falling short. This term is often used to describe both individual acts of wrongdoing and the broader condition of humanity's separation from God due to disobedience. The Nature of Sin Sin is seen as a voluntary act that stems from the human will. It is not simply a mistake or an accident but a conscious choice to act against God's law. This act of disobedience can take many forms, including thoughts, words, and deeds that are contrary to God's will. The Consequences of Sin The Bible teaches that sin has severe consequences. It separates individuals from God, leading to spiritual death and, ultimately, to physical death. This separation is not just a physical or emotional one but a profound spiritual chasm that can only be bridged through God's grace and forgiveness. The Role of the Law The law, as given in the Old Testament, serves as a guide to help individuals understand what constitutes sin. The Ten Commandments, for example, provide clear prohibitions against actions such as murder, theft, and adultery. However, the law also reveals the depth of human sinfulness, as it is through the law that people become acutely aware of their inability to live up to God's standards. The Concept of Original Sin The doctrine of original sin, which is particularly emphasized in the writings of St. Augustine, posits that all humans inherit a sinful nature from Adam and Eve, the first humans, who disobeyed God in the Garden of Eden. This inherited sinfulness affects every aspect of human life and is the source of the inclination to sin. Redemption and Forgiveness Despite the grim picture of sin, the Bible also offers a message of hope. Through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, Christians believe that God has provided a way for sin to be forgiven and for the separation caused by sin to be healed. Jesus' sacrifice on the cross is seen as the ultimate act of atonement for the sins of humanity. The Diversity of Perspectives It is important to recognize that different Christian denominations and theological traditions may have varying interpretations of the nature and consequences of sin. Some may emphasize the legalistic aspects of sin and the law, while others may focus more on the relational aspects of sin as a breach of the covenant between God and humanity. Step 2: Divider

Christian hamartiology describes sin as an act of offence against God by despising his persons and Christian biblical law, and by injuring others. ... According to the classical definition of St. Augustine of Hippo sin is "a word, deed, or desire in opposition to the eternal law of God."