What do Jews believe about Jesus?

As an expert in religious studies, I can provide an overview of Jewish beliefs regarding Jesus. It's important to note that Jewish thought is diverse, and not all Jews may hold the same views. However, there are some commonalities in Jewish beliefs about Jesus that can be discussed.
Step 1: English Answer
Judaism and Christianity have distinct theological perspectives, and one of the key differences lies in their beliefs about Jesus. For Jews, Jesus is not considered to be the Messiah, the divine Son of God, or a part of the divine Trinity. Jewish theology is rooted in the Hebrew Bible, which Christians refer to as the Old Testament. Within Jewish tradition, the Messiah is expected to be a human figure, a descendant of King David, who will bring about an era of peace and justice in accordance with the prophecies found in the Hebrew Bible.
The belief that Jesus is the Messiah is central to Christianity, but it is not a belief that is shared by Jews for several reasons:

1. Messianic Prophecies: Jews believe that Jesus did not fulfill the messianic prophecies that establish the criteria for the coming of the Messiah. The Hebrew Bible outlines specific roles and functions for the Messiah, which, according to Jewish interpretation, Jesus did not meet.

2. Divinity: The concept of Jesus as divine is incompatible with Jewish monotheism. Judaism maintains that there is one God, and it does not accept the idea of a divine being that is separate from or part of God. The Christian doctrine of the Trinity, which includes Jesus as a divine person, is therefore not accepted by Jews.

3. Historical Context: Historically, Jesus was a Jewish teacher and preacher who lived in the 1st century CE. While he had a significant following, his teachings and actions were not seen as messianic by the majority of Jews at the time. The Jewish religious establishment of the time did not recognize him as the Messiah, and his crucifixion by the Roman authorities was a tragic event, but not one that was interpreted as a fulfillment of prophecy.

4. Talmudic and Rabbinic Views: The Talmud and other rabbinic writings do not recognize Jesus as the Messiah. In fact, they often present critical views of Jesus and his followers, reflecting the theological and historical differences between Judaism and the early Christian movement.

5. Religious Law and Practice: Jewish law and practice are based on the Torah and the teachings of the rabbis, not on the life or teachings of Jesus. Jewish religious life does not incorporate Christian beliefs or practices related to Jesus.
6. **The Role of Jesus in Jewish-Christian Relations**: The relationship between Jews and Christians has been complex, with periods of both cooperation and conflict. Jesus is a figure who has been used to justify anti-Semitic attitudes and actions, which has further distanced Judaism from accepting Christian beliefs about him.
It's important to approach this topic with sensitivity and respect for the beliefs of others. While there are significant theological differences between Judaism and Christianity regarding Jesus, there is also a shared heritage and many common values that can serve as a foundation for dialogue and understanding.
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The belief that Jesus is God, the Son of God, or a person of the Trinity, is incompatible with Jewish theology. Jews believe Jesus of Nazareth did not fulfill messianic prophecies that establish the criteria for the coming of the messiah.