What are the four kinds of verbs?

As a language expert with a focus on English, I'm often asked about the different types of verbs and their functions within sentences. Verbs are a crucial part of any sentence as they indicate an action, state, or occurrence, and they can be categorized in various ways depending on their usage and meaning. Let's delve into the four main types of verbs, as well as briefly touch upon auxiliary verbs, which are often considered a separate category due to their unique role in grammar.
### Action Transitive Verbs
Action transitive verbs are verbs that require a direct object to complete their meaning. They are "action" verbs because they describe something that is done, and they are "transitive" because the action is transferred from the subject to the object. For example, in the sentence "She buys a book," "buys" is a transitive verb because it requires the object "a book" to make sense.

### Action Intransitive Verbs
Action intransitive verbs, on the other hand, do not require a direct object. They can stand alone and still convey a complete thought. For instance, in the sentence "The baby cries," "cries" is an intransitive verb because it does not need an object to understand what the baby is doing.

### To Be Verbs
The third category is the to be verbs, which are a special class of verbs that include "am," "is," "are," "was," "were," "be," and "been." These verbs are used to describe states of being or to link the subject with its complement, which can be a noun, an adjective, or a prepositional phrase. For example, "She is a doctor" uses "is" as a linking verb to connect "She" with "a doctor."

### Linking Verbs
Linking verbs are similar to "to be" verbs in that they also connect the subject to additional information, but they are not limited to the forms of "to be." They include verbs like "seem," "become," "appear," "feel," and "sound." These verbs do not express action but rather state or describe a condition. For example, "The flowers smell fragrant" uses "smell" as a linking verb to describe the state of the flowers.

### Auxiliary Verbs
While not one of the four main types of verbs, auxiliary verbs, also known as helping verbs, are essential to mention. They provide additional information about the main verb, such as tense, voice, mood, or aspect. For example, in the sentence "She has eaten," "has" is an auxiliary verb that indicates the perfect tense of the main verb "eaten."

Now, let's translate the above explanation into Chinese:

作为专注于英语的语言专家，我经常被问及不同类型的动词及其在句子中的功能。动词是任何句子中的关键部分，因为它们表示动作、状态或事件，并且可以根据它们的用法和含义以不同的方式进行分类。让我们深入探讨四种主要类型的动词，以及简要提及辅助动词，由于它们在语法中的独特角色，通常被认为是一个单独的类别。
### 及物动词
及物动词是需要直接宾语才能完成其意义的动词。它们是“动作”动词，因为它们描述了被做的事情，它们是“及物”的，因为动作从主语转移到宾语。例如，在句子“She buys a book”中，“buys”是一个及物动词，因为它需要宾语“a book”才能有意义。

### 不及物动词
另一方面，不及物动词不需要直接宾语。它们可以独立存在，仍然传达一个完整的思想。例如，在句子“The baby cries”中，“cries”是一个不及物动词，因为它不需要宾语就能理解婴儿正在做什么。

### Be动词
第三类是Be动词，这是一类特殊的动词，包括“am”、“is”、“are”、“was”、“were”、“be”和“been”。这些动词用来描述存在的状态或将主语与其补语联系起来，补语可以是名词、形容词或介词短语。例如，在“She is a doctor”中使用“is”作为联系动词，将“She”与“a doctor”联系起来。

### 联系动词
联系动词类似于“Be”动词，因为它们也将主语与额外的信息联系起来，但它们不仅限于“Be”的形式。它们包括像“seem”、“become”、“appear”、“feel”和“sound”这样的动词。这些动词不表达动作，而是状态或描述一个条件。例如，“花儿闻起来芬芳”使用“闻起来”作为联系动词来描述花的状态。

### 辅助动词
虽然不是四种主要类型的动词之一，但辅助动词，也称为帮助动词，是必须要提及的。它们提供有关主动词的额外信息，如时态、语态、语气或体。例如，在句子“She has eaten”中，“has”是一个辅助动词，表示主动词“eaten”的完成时态。

Those are the four types of main verbs: (1) action transitive, (2) action intransitive, (3) no?action to be, and (4) no?action linking. 5. The fifth kind of verb is not a main verb, but an (5) auxiliary verb, also called a helping verb.