What are the characteristics of a destructive wave?

As a field expert in coastal and oceanic studies, I can provide you with a detailed explanation of the characteristics of a destructive wave. Destructive waves, often associated with storm surges or tsunamis, have several distinct characteristics: 1. High Energy: These waves carry a significant amount of energy due to their force and size. 2. Large Wave Height**: Unlike the waves mentioned in your reference, destructive waves are typically quite high, which contributes to their destructive power. 3. Short Wavelength: Contrary to the long wavelength of the waves that build up beaches, destructive waves often have a short wavelength, which allows them to travel quickly and maintain their energy over long distances. 4. Strong Backwash: Unlike the swash being stronger than the backwash in beach-building waves, destructive waves have a powerful backwash that can pull objects and sediment back into the water with great force. 5. Rapid Onset: Destructive waves can form and reach land quickly, often with little warning, especially in the case of a tsunami. 6. Coastal Impact: They can cause significant erosion, flooding, and damage to coastal infrastructure due to their high energy and force upon impact. 7. Deposition vs. Erosion: While the waves you described deposit material and build up beaches, destructive waves are more likely to erode and carry away material.

They are created in calm weather and are less powerful than destructive waves. They break on the shore and deposit material, building up beaches. They have a swash that is stronger than the backwash. They have a long wavelength, and are low in height.