Why is it called the silent killer?

As a medical professional with expertise in cardiovascular health, I can explain why hypertension is often referred to as the "silent killer." Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. It's called the "silent killer" because it often has no symptoms and goes undiagnosed for years. Many people are unaware they have it until complications arise. The reason for this nickname is that the damage caused by hypertension is insidious and cumulative. Over time, the increased pressure can lead to severe health issues such as: 1. Heart disease: The added strain on the heart can cause it to enlarge or lead to conditions like coronary artery disease. 2. Stroke: High blood pressure increases the risk of blood vessels in the brain bursting or becoming blocked, which can result in a stroke. 3. Kidney damage: Hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their function and potentially leading to kidney failure. 4. Blindness: It can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems or blindness. 5. Dementia: There is a link between hypertension and cognitive decline, which can increase the risk of developing dementia. Because these serious health consequences can develop without the person realizing they have hypertension, it's crucial for individuals to have their blood pressure checked regularly, especially as they age or if they have risk factors such as a family history of hypertension, obesity, or a sedentary lifestyle.

Untreated hypertension increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. These are the first and third commonest causes of death in the USA. Hypertension can also damage the kidneys and increase the risk of blindness and dementia. That is why hypertension is referred to as a "silent killer."